Thursday, 30 November 2017

The Andorran Issue: What happens to Andorra if Catalonia legally becomes independent?

The Principality of Andorra is a micro-nation nestled in the Pyrenees Mountains between France and Spain.
Its co-princes are the President of France and the Bishop of Urgell (this Catholic bishopric covers Andorra and some of Catalonia). The Co-Princes of Andorra are the Heads of State, not Government, meaning they lack executive control over Andorra’s affairs.
The French and Spanish governments do, however, have limited influence over Andorra’s defence and foreign affairs (as Urgell isn’t a sovereign state, it can neither have a military nor relations with other nations).

If Catalonia were to secede from Spain, this raises the issue of whether Spain or Catalonia would exert these (admittedly very minor) powers on behalf of Andorra.

Here are arguments for Spain, for Catalonia, and then against Catalonia. Whilst I don’t personally have a preference, I am interested to see what decision would be made and why that course of action was decided upon.
On the one hand, Spain already has a stable position in the global community in terms of foreign relations and military power, so if Andorra wanted the most capable nations to help them, Spain would be the obvious choice. Further, if Spain retains these powers, this won’t create the instability that powers changing hands would create.
On the other hand, the Bishop of Urgell would reside in Catalonia, so it would be reasonable for Catalonia to gain these responsibilities over Andorra. After all, the Spanish government is doing this on behalf of the bishop, so if the bishop isn’t even in Spain, what right does Spain have to continue this?
However, for Catalonia to have any role with Andorran defence and foreign affairs, Catalonia has to fund (and develop) these from scratch. Yes, Catalonia would have spare money from the taxes they won’t be paying Spain, but this money would be insufficient to give Catalonia a recognised position in the world. This would, of course, change with time, but Andorrans may not perceive this wait as worth it.

So, which one: Spain (who has everything sorted already) or Catalonia (the sovereign state in which the co-prince actually resides)?
Choosing one would without doubt pollute future relations with the other. However, I think this decision would be decided in negotiations between Spain and Catalonia without any input from Andorra. This would shamefully disrespectable to the sovereign nation of Andorra
Andorrans may not even see this as an issue because Andorra not only has its own identity on the global stage but, if need be, it could rely singlehandedly on France. Who knows, maybe this could spark a debate on whether Andorrans want two princes, one prince, or no prince at all!


If Catalonia does achieve its long sort-after independence in the future, the Andorran Issue is the one I look forward most to being resolved.

Sunday, 17 September 2017

Critique: Night World Volume Three and 'Strange Fate' Speculations (L. J. Smith) 2/2

***SPOILERS***

Witchlight (story IX)

I can’t express how happy I was to finally have a shapeshifter as the main character!
Raksha Keller (who is revealed outside this story as Rashel’s fraternal twin) is a shapeshifter (people who can change into a pre-determined animal) leading the team of the three elite agents of Circle Daybreak to capture Iliana (before Azhdeha and two vampires take her). Iliana is thought to be a lost witch (a Harman from her light hair and purple eyes) and the final Wild Power, destined to marry a member of the Drache family (the royals of the shapeshifters), something Circle Daybreak is very keen to make happen.
            The description of Keller transforming from human to panther (presumably a leopard with melanism) was really well done. Often, description of shapeshifting is poor and basically only a passing glance at the process rather than an actual description: the fact that L. J. Smith have an actual description was fantastic. Also, the author justified how a shapeshifter’s clothes remain after transformation, in that shapeshifters wear clothes from the skin of dead shapeshifters. A clever solution (if a little unnerving).
            After getting Iliana, the team is accompanied by Galen Drache to the safe house in which they have a conversation with Grandma Harman (who I missed. I love Grandma Harman). The safe house is attacked and Keller says they have to leave Grandma Harman because they have to protect Galen and Iliana. Yet Grandma Harman is not only the Crone (leader of all witches) and a Harman (witch royalty) but is also co-leader of Circle Daybreak. She shouldn’t have been relegated in importance.
To protect Iliana, the team stay at her house. Her little brother Alex is the cutest little child! When they leave the house to take Iliana to school, Keller notes that it’s the first time she’d seen the house from the outside. But surely she must have seen the house’s outside as she went to go inside? Perhaps she was unconscious? I’m not too sure.
Later on, Grandma Harman is murdered by shapeshifters (I’m obviously biased but BOO). They question Galen to see if his parents ordered the attack but they realise Azhdeha ordered the attack. Azhdeha is a dragon (a creature that can shapeshift into many different forms) and can compel any shapeshifter to do his bidding. At this point, we learn the world was once ruled by dragons and regular human worshipped by humans as gods/totems etc. but when the witches (led by Hecate Witchqueen) put the dragons to sleep, shapeshifters were relegated to second-class citizens. We also learn that the Drache family are descended from the dragons which is why they can choose which animal they can transform into (Galen has yet to choose his animal though he likes the idea of flying). I was especially captured by all this.
Whilst all this is going on, Keller and Galen discover they are soul mates which, of course, puts pressure on the whole Iliana Witchchild marrying Galen Drache. This irritates Keller but so does the fact that Galen is a peace-loving and doesn’t fight because Keller believes everyone should be a fighter. Keller does rescind this opinion, yet at the end, Galen becomes a leopard to help Keller and co. fight the dragon. Keller is touched that Galen gave up being a bird for her, even though they can never marry.
So after Iliana channels Hecate Witchqueen to kill Azhdeha and uses her blue fire to heal everyone, they go to the pre-planned marriage ceremony. The waiting witches, shapeshifters and Daybreakers have given up hope just as Iliana and Galen come in. Iliana states that she can’t marry Galen because he’s in love with Keller. Again, everyone thinks everything is lost, but on Ariadne’s advice, Iliana does a blood cross with Keller, making them family like a marriage (and thus by marriage Keller a witch and Iliana a shapeshifter), so Keller being with Galen is just as valid a shapeshifter-witch union as Iliana being with Galen.
Smith writes ‘ ‘Bye ’, using the apostrophe of omission to omit the ‘good’. But ‘bye’ is a word in its own right. Just like the two separate words ‘to’ and ‘day’ became hyphenated as ‘to-day’ before becoming the single word ‘today’, so did ‘good’ and ‘bye’ become ‘good-bye’ then ‘goodbye’. In both instances, the words’ progenitors retain their original, independent meaning.
At one point, Smith writes “[speech]. [prose]. “[speech].” This misses the closing speech mark after the first set of speech. Only a simple error but it does make one read the prose as speech until realising the error.


Waiting for Strange Fate (story X)

Now we’re patiently waiting for the Strange Fate (story X) to be published. People keep on asking L. J. Smith when it will come out but Smith keeps on telling people to 1: be patient and 2: stop asking because it takes up time with which she could be using to write Strange Fate. Whilst I can see Smith’s logic and understand the constant asking would overwhelm her, but at least it shows her that people want it and are excited for it. That must be a lovely feeling.
Sarah Strange is soul mates with Kierlan Drache (the fourth Wild Power) and Mal (a witch-vampire hybrid that exhibits characteristics of both species). Mostly, when witches and vampires breed, their children end up being a vampire or a witch, though presumably they could choose, just like Jez chose between both her vampire and her human heritages. They seek to help avert the Apocalypse (i.e. the vampires and dragons having their way over the humans, a fate that Circle Daybreak is trying to avoid).
In story XI, the team asked Azhdeha who woke him from sleep and he responds ‘a witch that isn’t a witch.’ Speculation galore! There are two favourite candidates: Sylvia Weald (from story VIII) and Mal. Sylvia states in story VIII that she’s a spellcaster but no longer a witch (a witch who’s not a witch), she had two shapeshifter minions (making her partial to them and then possibly dragons), and she worked closely with Hunter Redfern (who wants to rule the humans after the Apocalypse). Most seem to favour Mal who’s a witch-vampire hybrid.
However, Mal is a protagonist and thus unlikely to awaken a dragon that would obviously want to become the ruler of the world again. Perhaps Mal, Kierlan and Sarah do a blood cross and Kierlan, being descended from dragons and kinda a witch due to the blood cross, awakened the dragon so the shapeshifters would be on top again. Though, again, I doubt this because Kierlan is a protagonist. By this reasoning of the blood cross, any of the extant Redferns could be the witch who isn’t a witch nd Hunter had the biggest desire to rule humans.

            I look forward to (and have been for seven years, now) seeing what develops.




Reviews: Night World (L. J. Smith)


Volume One

Volume Two

Volume Three 1/2

Saturday, 16 September 2017

Critique: Night World Volume Three (L. J. Smith) 1/2

Huntress and Black Dawn

***SPOILERS***

Huntress (story VII)

Jez, an orphan vampire gang leader, finds out she's half human and moves in with those relatives and starts to hunt bad vampires for Circle Daybreak. She also finds out she's one of the prophesised Wild Powers, using blue fire to stop a deadly tower block fire and a train from colliding with herself and her cousin Claire.
Early on in the story, Jez pushed a ghoul into her bedroom wall. Claire asked what it was and Jez responds that she dropped a book. They continued this exchange of Claire asking what something (sound/smell) was and Jez responding with an insufficient answer. It was a satisfying and realistic exchange (aside from the ghoul, of course).
Near the end, Jez is staked in the heart and she looked set to die: that injury would kill a human and the material was wood which would kill a vampire. Being half-and-half, Jez looked set to die. However, there was a twist: Jez was vampire enough to survive an injury that would kill a human yet she was human enough to be resistant to wood. This was clever.

Black Dawn (story VIII)

Maggie hears the news that Miles died whilst climbing a mountain from his girlfriend Sylvia. Suspecting foul play, Maggie follows Sylvia who reveals herself to be a witch. When Maggie wakes up, she is a slave to a kingdom that is secret even to the Night World. Whilst there, Maggie learns that Prince Delos (who initially hates humans and is a Wild Power) is her soul mate. She is helped by Aradia, Maiden of the Witches, who has also been taken as a slave.
            The kingdom is ruled by Prince Delos (actually by advisors) since his father the king passed away. Why Delos wasn’t king was beyond me. In inheriting the kingdom, Prince Delos should have become king; even if Delos wasn’t old enough to be rule, he would still be king. The father of Delos became king when his own father (the first king of this kingdom) died, so there is clear precedent for the inheritance of the title of ‘king’.
            At one point, Maggie thinks ‘Look out world; it’s stomping time.’ A colon would have served so much better here.
            Sylvia is working with Hunter Redfern (Delos’ great grandfather) by stopping Delos from using the destructive power of his blue power. At the end, when Maggie and Delos are about to be hunted by the courtiers, Sylvia saves the day by releasing her hold on Delos’ Wild Power abilities. This earned her a stab from a wooden spear. Jeanne, a slave who’d been helping Maggie, said pissing everyone off was how she wanted to die (made me giggle).

            With Sylvia dying from the wound of the spear right next to her heart, Delos offers to turn her into a vampire. Sylvia points out that as the wood was next to her heart, she would be poisoned by it and die anyway. This was the exact opposite of Jez’s situation in the previous story which I found to be a nice touch from the author.




Reviews: Night World (L. J. Smith)


Volume One

Volume Two

Volume Three 2/2

Monday, 11 September 2017

Critique: Night World Volume Two (L. J. Smith)

Dark Angel, The Chosen, and Soulmate
***SPOILERS***

This volume wasn’t as funny as the first. However, each story here deals with very strong emotions throughout so naturally there would have to be fewer funny situations. It set the scene ready for Volume Three, being the perfect intermediary between the introduction in the first volume and the conclusion in the last volume.


Dark Angel (story IV)

Gillian Lennox is a teenager who desires to be popular (‘Is it cool or uncool to rescue someone?’) and loved because she feels like that is the way she can achieve amazing, wonderful things. Her mother is an alcoholic who hallucinates. After dying (and going through the ‘tunnel’) but then being brought back by a figure who calls himself ‘Angel’, Gillian not only gains popularity but also the skills of her lost witch heritage (which is why Gillian’s mum has visions).
            At one point, someone writes this note to Gillian: ‘R U new? What’s yr #’ Writing in electronic mode? Great. (Written mode is formal and visual [i.e. one reads it], spoken mode is casual and heard, and electronic mode is casual and visual.) But if someone writes in this short manner, there is no way they would have included the apostrophe of possession in ‘ What’s ’!
            It turns out that David (Angel’s real name) is also a lost witch, being Gillian’s cousins. Both having purple eyes, they are lost Harmans (witch royalty). Apart from the shared eye-colour (reason one), there were hints throughout the story which showed Gillian and Angel are relatives. Reason two: Gillian notes that only friends and family greet people at the end of the tunnel. Reason three: Gillian felt unconditional love for David straight away (when unconditional love is reserved mainly for family).


The Chosen (story V)

Rashel, a toddler, witnesses a vampire kill her mother and her best friend Timmy. As a teenager, Rashel is a vampire. But then she discovers her soul mate is Quinn, a really evil made vampire (as seen briefly in story II) who is heir to Hunter Redfern (the de facto vampire leader). Rashel also goes to a vampire island exclave to save some girls that have been taken for a vampire blood feast. Whilst on the island, Rashel finds out that non-other than Hunter Redfern was the vampire from her toddlehood and that Timmy has become a vampire.
            When Rashel and Timmy are seen playing at the start, Rashel says how Timmy was ‘a whole mouth younger than she was.’ This is spot on: at that age, even being a day older than someone else makes all the difference.
            Near the end, Quinn helps Rashel confront the vampires. Quinn tries to intimidate them by asking them if Hunter would be pleased with their blood feast. Someone behind Quinn asks if he gets a vote and, surprise, surprise, it is Hunter.
            One vampire (named Ivan) is referred to as ‘Ivan the Terrible’ (in reference to a notorious Russian leader) due to his face and stature. Later, Ivan is knocked-out and is then referred to as ‘Ivan the Unconscious’ which I found amusing.


Soulmate (story VI)

The plot in this was very detailed and was really fascinating to watch it unfold.
Human Hannah Snow has hypnosis and discovers she’s had many previous lives. When Hannah is contacted by her soul mate Thierry (a vampire), she learns that she is an old soul along with her best friend Ket who has existed in all of Hannah’s lives. Her first existence (Hana of the Three Rivers who bestie was worried because a tribe member wanted to ‘mate’ her) was back in the stone ages. This was at the same time as Hecate Witch Queen and her daughters Hellewise Hearthwoman (ancestress of the Harmans) and Maya Dragonslayer (ancestress of the Redferns).
            Maya turned herself into the first vampire. She transformed her lover Thierry into the first made vampire. Maya gave birth to Red Fern, the first lamia (born vampire). She wanted Thierry to live with her but knowing Hannah was Thierry’s soul mate, Thierry refused. In each of Hannah’s next lives, Maya tries to find Hannah to kill her whereas Thierry tries to find Hannah to save her.
            In this life, Hannah is rescued by Thierry who leads Circle Daybreak. Hannah goes to Thierry’s house which is very opulent, deciding she could live that lifestyle ‘If forced.’ That made me chuckle. Also she asks if she’s still in danger and Lupe (a half-werewolf) she Maya wants to kill Hannah and is very good at killing so of course Hannah’s still in danger. That really made me smile.
However, Maya steals Hannah and reveals how to break the cycle: Maya would turn Hannah into a vampire, kill her as a vampire and then gloat that vampires can’t be reborn. Thierry asks why Maya is determined to do this and Maya says she wants to win and she’s in too deep to give up. At first, it seems quite silly that this is the driving force for the plot. However, Maya was clearly obsessed and obsessions do look silly to the outside world.


Notes on the order of stories in Night World

So far, the stories are two vampire-based plots, two witch-based plots and then two human-based plots. This got a bit repetitive so my proposed order mixes it up to vampire, witch, vampire, human, witch, then human: Secret Vampire, Enchantress, Daughters of Darkness, The Chosen, Dark Angel, and then Soulmate.
Further, Quinn was only a very minor character in Daughters of Darkness, so by the time The Chosen is read, the reader forgets that Quinn ever existed. By moving the two stories Quinn is in to next to each other, one can’t forget he existed.

Admittedly, they were published as soon as they were written so reorganising them would be impractical, though hindsight is a wonderful thing.




Reviews: Night World (L. J. Smith)


Volume One

Volume Three 1/2

Volume Three 2/2

Sunday, 10 September 2017

Critique: Night World Volume One (L. J. Smith)

Secret Vampire, Daughter of Darkness, and Enchantress

***SPOILERS***

My best friend and I love reading. I've always been fantasy and she's always been romance. It meant we could never talk about the same book. But then came the explosion of fantasy romance in young adult fiction. (I dislike that teenagers between 13-16 are called ‘young adults’: the term should mean adults that are young, i.e. 18-20 maybe, rather than teenagers that aren’t even adults.) My bestie investigated the Night World by L. J. Smith after having read The Vampire Diaries and knew it was a series we could share.
The Night World is an organisation of vampires, witches and shapeshifters that inhabit the human world in secret. For the protection of the Night World, a Night Person must neither tell humans about the Night World nor fall in love with a human. All nine books in this series explore what happens when both these rules are broken.
Volume One is absolutely hilarious. It works really well to grip readers to the series. Though, unfortunately L. J. Smith used quotation marks (‘x’) rather than speech marks (“x”) for speech.


Secret Vampire (story I)

This story revolves around the best friends (and later soul mates) of teenagers Poppy and James. Poppy gets cancer who decides she needs ‘Poppytive [positive] thinking’ which I find cute. James is, Poppy finds out, a lamia (born vampires that reproduce and age like humans until they decide to stop aging). James makes Poppy a vampire (stuck to that age and unable to reproduce) to cure her of cancer.
James even says he has broken both Night World rules. Hallelujah, he finally said he loved her. Sorta. But then we find out Poppy is a lost witch (someone who is unaware of their witchy heritage) so James didn’t break the rules. But the fact that James was willing to break both rules (each of which individually carry the penalty of death) was a clear statement of affection.
Ash Redfern (Redferns being the vampire royalty), James’ cousin, hijacks Poppy and takes her to Las Vegas. Poppy meets Thea Harman (Harmans being the witch royalty). Ash mentions that vampires are named after natural things. Poppy says Maddy, James’ mum, isn’t a natural thing but Ash says it’s short for ‘Madder.’ But how can it be short if it’s the same length? When James locates Poppy, James says he wants to break one of Ash’s bones for each tear Ash made Poppy cry. Cute.
Vampire blood can’t carry oxygen, hence vampires feed of human and animal blood to get oxygen-carrying blood which they need (like humans/animals) to live. This is a really clever explanation as to why something as large as a vampire needs blood but also why vampires can (and do) eat normal food. One presumes that human blood is preferred because it’s the closest match a vampire can get.
One section in particular got to me: ‘Pain. Poppy was brave, but facing constant pain would crush anyone.’ The accuracy in this is almost painful.


Daughters of Darkness (story II)

Mary-Lynette (human) is friends with Opal who’s looking forward to her three nieces coming to visit. When Mary-Lynette goes to visit Opal, she meets the nieces (Redfern sisters Rowan, Kestral and Jade), learns they are vampires and discovers Opal has died. ML searches for the killer, Mark (ML’s brother) and Jade discover they are soul mates, and Ash Redfern comes to bring her sisters back to the vampire exclave.
ML, who knows not only that Ash is a vampire and as such is very strong but also knows exactly how cruelly Ash has played with humans like toys in the past, doesn’t hesitate to kick Ash in the shins. A lot. The fact that the three sisters are confused that Ash does nothing back really adds to the hilarity. The sisters giving the pair space afterwards was also great, to the point where Ash and ML were standing on the porch and the others knocked to get permission to get out.
They then discover that ML and Ash are soul mates. Jade: “Poor Ash.” Ash: “Why not ‘poor Ash’?” Jade: *repeats previous statement*. This book was quite easily the funniest in the Night World series. Though there were serious moments: ML sends Ash off on his way to repent for his bad actions. That and ML watches as her childhood friend Jeremy (a werewolf) burn alive after they discovered he killed Aunt Opal.


Enchantress (story III)

A STORY ABOUT WITCHES. AT. LAST.
We see how magical spells/items are created and used and how a witch can communicate with animals. We meet Grandma Harman, an old lady and fantastic, funny character who is my favourite character in the Night World series. She’s the Crone (and thus leader) of the Inner Circle, a group of nine witches that lead all witches. She has blonde hair and violet eyes, features deemed as ‘Harman traits’ with all Harmans having these except Thea and Blaise.
This one returns to Thea (who was met briefly in ‘Secret Vampire’) who is at school with her cousin Blaise. Blaise (as a member of Circle Midnight) is a witch that likes to play with humans and decides to play with Eric because Thea was getting too close to him. Thea is in Circle Twilight which is more respectful and kind towards humans. Blaise only increased her efforts when she learnt that Thea and Eric were soul mates. In order to protect Eric from Blaise, Thea releases a ghost which causes havoc, killing people.
            Feminism was a continual humorous feature in this one. Rosamund, Eric’s sister, said she and her guinea pig were tired of living under the patriarchy and that ‘Feminism is the radical notion that women are people.’ At one point, after Eric has confessed he thinks Thea will disappear if he blinks, Eric and Thea were about to kiss, but being so happy herself and knowing Rosamund was so upset with the discrimination in the world, Thea draws away to go make Rosamund happy (drawing a groan from Eric).
            ‘Bitch’ is used interestingly here. Blaise revels in how fun it is to be a bitch (so ‘bitch’ being a compliment). Whereas, when Thea sends the ghost back, she shouts ‘Go speedily, conveniently and without delay, you bitch!’ (so ‘bitch’ being an insult). This feeds into the feminism theme, because some feminists see ‘bitch’ as derogatory but others take pride in a feminine skillset.
            Thea had to enlist Eric’s help to send back the ghost (hence telling him about the Night World). The Inner Circle (including Aradia, who’s blind and the Maiden of all Witches) discovers this and that the pair are soul mates, this breaks Night World law, yet by banishing the ghost they saved lives (upholding a witch law). Old Bob of the Inner Circle says obeying one law doesn’t validate breaking another. Grandma Harman dismisses Old Bob’s thoughts because she changed his nappies and wouldn’t let ‘bloodthirsty vampires dictate to’ her. So funny.

The solution to this issue was cleverly found and then technically avoided with the help of Aradia and Blaise. Aradia sends Thea and Eric to Circle Daybreak, a Circle for all creatures, Night World and human, that seeks for peaceful coexistence. It’s named after the extinct Circle Daybreak which ended after the persecution of witches (which event also ended the practice of witches having familiars, much to Thea’s disappointment).




Reviews: Night World (L. J. Smith)

Volume Two

Volume Three 1/2

Volume Three 2/2

Friday, 8 September 2017

Critique: Winds of Fury (Mercedes Lackey)

Book Three of the Mage Winds, a Valdemar Omnibus.

***SPOILERS***

Elspeth, Darkwind, Firesong, Skif, Nyara, Treyvan and Hydona go to Valdemar, start teaching those with the Mage Gift, start training with the other forces in the Alliance, learn Falconsbane has been captured by King Ancar of Hardorn, and then slip into Hardorn to get rid of them both. This was perfect for the story and I don’t begrudge the decision in the slightest, yet I missed the Vales and Talyedras culture a lot in this one.

The readers finally got to read Ancar’s perspective. It was interesting to learn his background and see how and why he reacts in the way he does.
There was an exploration of blood magic and glyphs. Seeing how both of these worked and how they affected the use of magic was really fascinating. Ancar used these not only to capture Falconsbane but we witness exactly how both of these mages use blood magic to restore their own power. There was talk in the previous two books of blood magic being able to do this but this was the first time how this happened was demonstrated to the reader (in this omnibus).
            Ancar’s tactics in the war changed near the end of the book and Elspeth and co. deduce that it must be the influence of Falconsbane. Kero, the mercenary captain of the Skybolts and a Herald, wonders how a mage would know anything about tactics. Darkwind responds that these decisions aren’t tactical but they will win the war. Firstly, Ancar is a mage, Kero has mages in the Skybolts, and the mages of the Alliance are helping with Valdemar’s tactics, so the idea that a mage knows about tactics shouldn’t even be questioned. Secondly, if the decisions are used to win the way, they are tactics.
            Ancar moans (and really, he properly moans) that Hulda (an old, powerful Adept mage) has far too much power in ruling the country. Later in the book, Falconsbane listens to servants who give the impression that Ancar is the absolute ruler. Yet Ancar really hates that Hulda gets what she wants. Whilst this could be evidenced as an inconsistency, I think something else is going on: it means that Ancar is skilled enough to hide Hulda’s control, impact and manipulation from not only the populous of Hardorn but from the palace staff as well. That’s impressive.

There were various issues in this book.
Elspeth was surprised when Gwena revealed that she’d also used the hot springs in the Vale, but in the second book, it was noted that the Companions used the hot springs, too. A bizarre inconsistency to let slip by.
All of the time, a theme from the last book, about making sure Valdemarians didn’t know about Elspeth and Darkwind being a couple, was revisited time and time again. The issue was that Elspeth, as Crown Princess, needed to wed someone to form an alliance… but why not an alliance with the Hawkbrothers and, by extension, the Shin’a’in and the Kaled’a’in? It seems odd that this wasn’t even considered, especially considering that every character in the books think through many possible scenarios and outcomes before making a decision or taking an action. Further, a wedded alliance with the Hawkbrothers would guarantee that they would continue to help the magical endeavours of Valdemar.
Skif, seeing Ancar’s large map, goes to the stables to get horses and a wagon with which to transport the map back to Valdemar. The reader watches Skif go into the stables and look around, even noting that other people had the same idea about looting the stables. Yet it’s the Companions that carry the map back with mention of neither horses nor wagon. So then what was the point of mentioning the horses and wagon? If Skif had just said the stables didn’t have what he needed or he wanted to leave everything that for the benefit of the Hardorn residents, that would’ve been fine. To not include something like this leaves an area of discontinuity in the narrative.
An issue for this entire series was that Hydona (the female adult griffin) wasn’t developed as a character at all. She was treated more like an important object, needed and used often but not given any life or personality. Every other character, even the minor ones, were given a strong sense of character (which is beyond spectacular for an author to spend that amount of time on auxiliaries) but Hydona wasn’t. Being in the front line of the action, Hydona should have been given the same treatment.

The Kaled’a’in created the Gates between the Vale and Valdemar. A Gate, when created, drains its creator of energy. The Kaled’a’in, however, developed a way for two people to create a Gate which not only halved the fatigue of both creators but doubled the strength of the Gate, too (thus meaning a longer Gating distance). Using energy costs fatigue. So: for each creator to have half the fatigue, they would each use half the energy which would equal one normal-powered Gate; for the Gate to be double the power, each creator would each need to use full power, which would mean each creator would experience full fatigue. Two Gate makers really can’t be both half-fatigue and double-power concurrently.
            When the crew were Gating to Valedemar, they were stolen and ended up in the Forest of Sorrows (northern Valdemar) which wasn’t their original intention. They learn that they were stolen by Vanyel, the last Herald-Mage of Valdemar and common ancestor to both Elspeth and Firesong. Vanyel was the person who set up the web that makes people in Valdemar unable to use, or think about the existence of, magic in the present. (This web breaking down was the reason why Elspeth went on this journey in the first place.)
Darkwind finds the Kaled’a’in weird. Elspeth notes that this is because Kale’a’in culture is very similar, but not quite identical, to Talyedras culture. This is a valid point. It can be seen between cultures, religions, sports, countries etc. Perhaps a clearer demonstration would be pointing out that the denominations within a religion will often have more to say about other denominations within their religion rather than with an external religion (Roman Catholics vs. Protestants vs. Eastern Orthodox vs. all others). If there is another religion one religion has an issue with, it’s quite often one with a very similar background (Christianity vs. Islam or Hinduism vs. Sikhism). Or a fan of Bath Rugby has a lot more to say to a fan of Gloucester Rugby than to a fan of a football club. There are, of course, exceptions (Buddhism vs. Islam in Myanmar/ rugby vs. football for example) but when two things are fundamentally different, they can declare them ‘foreign’ and not have to think about it, but when two things have similarities, people will often point to any differences and claim them to be incorrect in order to ‘correct’ them.


Lackey exceeds the writing abilities of most authors I’ve encountered and it is Lackey’s works that I use to introduce people to fantasy. Each and every page is impressive and thought-provoking. There were problems but the enjoyment far exceeded the issues these brought up: they were only minor and didn’t actually impact the story in any negative way (and they aren’t things the majority of readers would pick up on). Besides, it’s encouraging to see a fantasy writer develop their world with innovative thinking, have an interesting plot and characters, and be very funny all in one. 



Reviews: Mage Winds Omnibus (Mercedes Lackey)


Winds of Fate (Book One)

Winds of Change (Book Two)


Review: Mage Storms Omnibus (Mercedes Lackey)

Wednesday, 6 September 2017

Critique: Winds of Change (Mercedes Lackey)

Book Two of the Mage Winds, a Valdemar Omnibus.

***SPOILERS***


This was my favourite novel in this omnibus (despite the shoddy paragraphing in places). It was even funnier than the last. Darkwind and Treyvan train Elspeth in magic. We meet Kaled’a’in, the clan that the Talyedras and Shin’a’in both thought had gone missing at the Sundering of the Clans.

A key reoccurring feature in this novel is that relationships between people take the centre-point in the narrative. Yet I find them problematic most of the time. The story was phenomenal. The inventiveness with the magic was phenomenal. The humour was phenomenal. But the relationships? Solid nope.
Although, I will say Darkwind and Elspeth’s first kiss was beautiful. I usually don’t fuss about romance, just reading it as background information, but the prose leading up the kiss and surrounding the kiss was beautiful. In the lead up to this moment, Darkwind complained (in his head) that he disliked Elspeth’s attitude, that she was acting self-important. Elspeth explains this away as her being royal. But Elspeth’s attitude and behaviour weren’t demonstrated at all. It was tell rather than show. This bugged me throughout the book, though once Darkwind and Elspeth became an item this problem dissipated.
Everything was good between Darkwind and his father at the end of the last book yet everything between them in this one becomes bizarre, uncomfortable and untrusting. Maybe it was the excitement of having his father free from Falconsbane and the endorphins (which produce trust) made Darkwind more sympathetic, and then as time went on, the endorphins were gone so he returned to being untrusting. But there was nothing, not even Darkwind making a mental note that things were weird again.
I was disappointed that Skif and Elspeth hardly interacted in Change. I think it was a grand total of two interactions. Sure, Skif was out searching for Nyara, but it was established that Skif would come back to the Vale every few weeks. Considering Elspeth and Skif have been depicted as best friends and they seemed to get over the whole crush thing, they would still interact and they would be important interactions. This should have been shown. It would have been really useful, for example, for Elspeth to brew over her feelings for Darkwind out loud to her friend.


When out scouting, Elspeth refers to ‘our mages’ (the mages of the clan) and then says to Darkwind ‘your clan’. Is Elspeth still trying to figure out her place in the clan, does she see herself as in a unit with the mage because they do the same job yet not be a member of the clan, or is this a slip up?
            ‘Women’s magic’ is mentioned, in that mages can sense both when magic has been used and whether it was male or female in nature. This distinction is never elaborated on and I wish it was. Also, is it about sex or gender? Where would intersex and non-binary mages fit into this dichotomy? This has no bearing on the plot, admittedly, but rather it’s my own curiosity.
To talk about magic but not the avatars would be senseless. It did make me laugh when Dawnfire confirmed that everyone (Elspeth, Skif, Darkwind, Treyvan, Hydona and Tre’valen) was brought to Darkwind’s Vale on the purpose of the gods. So much for Elspeth choosing her own path! In fact, what she ‘chose’ as her own path was as predestined as the path chosen by the Companions.
            Tre’valen, a Shin’a’in shaman tasked with understanding why Dawnfire, a Hawkbrother from Darkwind’s clan (and an ex-lover), was made by the Star-Eyed (their Goddess) into Her avatar. Tre’valen states that Dawnfire is the first ever avatar of the Star-Eyed. Yet the first book in this omnibus clearly made mention of avatars existing. It strongly implied that avatars had existed before. Perhaps the world knew how to spot an avatar if one ever came up?
            Elspeth came up with a theory that an individual could detect the magework in the area by a mage being aware of the energy currants, like a spider on its web. Darkwind gets annoyed with it because it was right and he’d never thought of it before. Yet in the first book in this omnibus, Darkwind explained that mages could pick up when another practiced magic in a manner identical to Elspeth’s explanation other than the spider analogy. This analogy would not have been revolutionary enough to promote this response from Darkwind.
            Firesong, a Hawkbrother from another clan who is very innovative with magic, takes over the teaching and helps heal the Heartstone, the thing that powers and protects the Vale and is how Falconsbane has been messing with Starblade and the rest of the clan. Firesong is also a relative of Elspeth. Firesong is my favourite character. Ever. He is fabulous. He is intelligent. He is magical to degrees beyond reckoning. His creativity with magic and instinctive ability is beyond impressive. He found a solution (in weeks if not days) to fix the Heartstone and find the rest of Darkwind’s clan when neither side of the clan had figured out how over a couple of years.

Back to the bond birds. All of Lackey’s work with bond birds is fantastic.
            First off, Hyllar, Starblade’s new bond bird, is hilarious. I loved his character and this is the only book that Hyllar appears in (for shame!) I adore him. Although the fact that he is unable to fly and neither Starblade nor Kethra (a Shin’a’in shaman who is Starblade’s healer/lover) can carry Hyllar, how he gets in and out of their ekele (essentially Hawkbrother homes in the trees) when there’s only a rope ladder for access is beyond me.
            Firesong, ever doing things differently, made a firebird into his bond bird, being the first Hawkbrother to do so. The beauty of a firebird fits in perfectly with Firesong’s ascetic. Firebirds give off a phoenix-y vibe.
            To begin with, Elspeth in unable to hear the mindspeech between Darkwind and Vree (his bondbird). Elspeth gets instructions from the griffins in mindspeech and their mindpseech was at a higher pitch than that of a human. This enables Elspeth to hear the mindspeech of Vree which is higher than a griffin’s pitch. This was very clever and I appreciate that in writing.


As always, Lackey produced an innovative piece of writing. There are issues, sure, but what piece of writing doesn’t? This was my favourite novel in the Mage Winds Omnibus. I’ve found that it’s my favourites that I criticise most which I think is because if I like something more, I engage with it more fully and thus pick out disparities more readily. It developed things I already loved and introduced new elements that I fell in love with. Thoroughly enjoyable!



Reviews: Mage Winds Omnibus (Mercedes Lackey)


Winds of Fate (Book One)

Winds of Fury (Book Three)


Review: Mage Storms Omnibus (Mercedes Lackey)

Monday, 4 September 2017

Critique: Winds of Fate (Mercedes Lackey)

Book One of the Mage Winds, a Valdemar Omnibus.

***SPOILERS***

The shield protecting Valdemar from the effects (and memories) of magic was failing. This prompted Elspeth, Crown Princess and a Herald of Valdemar, to find a sorcerer to teach her people magic and help them fight the hostile neighbouring country of Hardorn.
Meanwhile, the book also explores Darkwind, a scout of a Talyedras clan (people who heal land poisoned by negative magic) who protects his clan and Vale (tropical hothouse containing their homes) against the dark mage Mornelithe Falconsbane. The Heartstone (which powers and protects the Vale) of Darkwind’s clan has been corrupted which inhibits their ability to find the rest of the clan which has been transported away (once an area of land is free of negative energy, the clan moves on to a new location) which is why Darkwind had forsaken magic.
Elspeth is escorted by her best friend Skiff who develops romantic feelings for Elspeth though, thankfully, Elspeth didn’t reciprocate those feelings (I absolutely hate it when best friends end up as a couple). Elspeth has this huge issue with the Companions sweeping her off in a direction that she had no say in, so she chooses her own way. Elspeth ends up meeting Darkwind who decides to take up magic again and teach Elspeth who (unsurprisingly) had the potential to become a very powerful mage.

Lackey is such a funny writer. I can’t count how many times I cackled. Fantasy tends to be more formal and serious than realistic genres (thus establishing efficient suspension of belief) so the fact that Lackey can write with humour whilst maintaining the suspension of belief is admirable. Elspeth’s Companion (white ‘horses’ which are the moral compasses to Heralds, the police and judges of Valdemar) is a very funny character. I wished we got more of Gwena but as she is subsidiary to the plot so I don’t begrudge Lackey’s decision. It’s not just her characters that are funny but her prose as well.

I loved the Talyedras (commonly known as ‘Hawkbrothers’).
I loved that they were artsy and had no restrictions on sexual behaviour. I loved the Vales they lived in, surrounded by beautiful plants and hot springs. I loved Vree, Darkwind’s bond bird (magically enhance birds with the ability of limited speech that can be of many species, from owls to firebirds to hawks to falcons to crows) and the bond between them. They made a perfect team and it was a shame the Vree-Darkwind interactions lessened over this series and their conversations was basically non-existent in other series, even when Darkwind was the viewpoint character.
Shin’a’in clans are the cousins to the Talyedras. One of the Shin’a’in clans is the Clan of the Hawk. The official explanation for Talyedras being known as ‘Hawkbrothers’ was because of their close association with their bondbirds, but could this name also be a sign that they are brothers to the Hawk Shin’a’in clan and thus by extension all other Shin’a’in? This sort of ambiguity is often found in Lackey’s work, giving readers something to think about and make connections.
When Elspeth first finds Darkwind, the Talyedras is with the griffins Treyvan and Hydona. Darkwind tells Elspeth that she is in the presence of two mages: Treyvan makes a big deal about this, being surprised Darkwind has finally decided to be a mage again. Darkwind confirms this. But both griffins are also mages (a fact that Darkwind knew) so Elspeth was in the presence of three mages. This was a preventable mistake.

Just some general notes.
When following every character, the readers see them think through multiple scenarios or reasons before taking action. It’s fantastic to see such deep thinking. Obviously they all inhabit roles that require intelligence but equally it would have been nice for each character to have different levels of intelligence.
Magic is interesting in Valdemar. It bleaches everything which is why Talydras have white hair and their bondbirds turn white. The Companions are white because they too are bleached by magic. The land contains energy flows of magic (lay lines and such) from which all magic is drawn. If a mage draws magic from the surrounding area, other mages of that area can also feel it. Falconsbane performed many feats of magic that the Hawkbrothers should have been able to sense, yet they realise that he’s being using energy from Nyara (his daughter/concubine), another mage, meaning local energy flows aren’t disturbed. The general conception of magic is that is behaves like water.
When Elspeth and Skiff enter Rethwellen, the resident they visit says that Elspeth studied the Rethwellen as evidenced by her ‘lack of accent.’ Basic linguistic fact: everyone speaks with an accent. If you speak, it is with an accent. You can’t lack an accent when you speak. This is the result of people confusing the standard variation of the language as being the only ‘correct’ way to pronounce a word with all other variations being accents. Just nope. When teaching non-natives speakers a language, you can only teach them one of the many accents of a language, and it makes sense to teach all non-natives to speak in this one way for convenience. This standard variety ends up being the accents of the well-to-dos in the country’s capital. But this doesn’t make the standard variety ‘right’ or a non-accent. A Londoner and someone from Yorkshire speak very differently; Standard French is very different from the French spoken in Brittany.

One sentence that stood out for me was ‘If this is a trial of my abilities, the gods have no sense of proportion.’ I found that interesting to ponder. The characters’ intellect and the system of magic were also interesting.



Reviews: Mage Winds Omnibus (Mercedes Lackey)


Winds of Change (Book Two)

Winds of Fury (Book Three)


Review: Mage Storms Omnibus (Mercedes Lackey)

Saturday, 26 August 2017

Goodbye, Bath Spa

With my dissertation submitted, my undergraduate degree (and having Student Accommodation tightly wrapped around my little finger) is done.


Excuse my English but thank fuck for that.


On the subject of fucks, in doing essays on tantra, the Kama Sutra and devadasi, I have accumulated a somewhat questionable internet search history over these four years (hint: if you want to find out traditional Hindu views on gay people, don't type in 'ancient hindu lesbians' or 'kama sutra lesbians.' You’ll get very modern… acting.) The Kama Sutra isn't just about sex, btw: it has excellent tips on gardening.


University, campus, societies and friends were all the best. Being sassy af makes you a top-notch philosopher. Oh, and that non-negotiable policy where if you didn’t attend classes, you’d be kicked out of uni? I negotiated my way out of that. In five minutes. Even though I’ve only been to one class since January.


Life wasn't all that cooperative. Eighteen months of spinal compression (muscle fatigue/weakness, numbness, long periods of extensive paralysis and strong pain, from walking/typing/breathing). Twenty-one months of Storms (affective mood disorder becoming unbearable). These were broad issues in which any single component renders life, let alone work, all but impossible. Yet I did it.


I did it even though people thought I was stupid because I couldn’t speak until I was twelve. I did it even though doctors constantly insisted that I would never get better from my stroke, when I couldn’t even eat unaided. I did it even when some people thought I wouldn’t last two weeks by self, let alone three years. But it’s the mind that shows intelligence, not the voice; I proved them all wrong because I have exceeded the expectations of all doctors, none of which understand how I was capable of recovery; and I managed four years, bitches. What’s that phrase? Oh yes, ‘fuck the haters’.



So now the wait for my results and graduation. And no, I will not be throwing the cap up into the air. I can't catch, I couldn't wear the hat after it touched the ground, and I'm not renting a hat that I won't be able to wear, thank you very much.

Wednesday, 9 August 2017

Critique: Mage Storms Omnibus (Mercedes Lackey)

Storm Warning, Storm Rising and Storm Breaking

This was the first book I’d read from Mercedes Lackey from her Velgarth universe. I was so impressed. I can enjoy things even if they have a lot wrong with them (my review on the Icemark Chronicles demonstrates that really well!) but my mind was, to excuse this expression, blown. This was an outstanding piece of literature which I recommend to everyone.

*****SPOILERS*****


Storm Warning

Karal, a priest from Karse, is secretary to the priest Ulrich, Ambassador to Valdemar, a land that has been at war with Karse for centuries. (Most of the books are from the perspective of Valdemar.) The Mage Storms hit, echoes from the Cataclysm that ended the Mage Wars millennia ago, which change, destroy and cause havoc. Karal is at the centre of fixing this.
            There was nothing in this book that left me head scratching my head. There were Firecats (reincarnations of Sons of the Suns, the Karsite leader), An’desha (a half-Shin’a’in; Shin’a’in guard the Plains like their goddess the Star-Eyed dictated) who’s a victim of possession, griffins (I LOVE griffins so I was very happy about this), an assassin who kills Ulrich, setting Karal’s forgiving perspective for the entire series... There was a lot to enjoy.
            Karal learns that the Heralds (the police/judges/helpers of Valdemar) aren’t hellsporn and the Companions (white ‘horses’) aren’t demons, finding out that ancient leaders in Karse took away the humanity of the Heralds (and Valdemar’s population as a whole), seeing them as a type and not individuals, making them easy to hate. Today in real life, people hate countries (Pakistan and Iran coming straight to mind) but they don’t consider that the individuals of any country don’t control the actions of their leaders: especially as they may not know what has happened.
            Karsites and Hawkbrothers (clans of people who heal magically-tainted land after the Cataclysm; they are kin to the Shin’a’in) are both described as angular and both wear colourful clothing. This led me to wondering if they could be related. Further, both the Star-Eyed and the Sunlord (whom the Karsites worship) had consort deities in the past, and it’s heavily hinted throughout most of Lackley’s work that the Star-Eyed and Sunlord were each other’s consorts. Also, in the next book you learn that one of Solaris’ titles is ‘Falcon of Light’. FALCON. A bird of prey. Like the clan name for Darkwind (and Elspeth), the main Hawkbrother clan that the readers encounter.
            Finally, this one thing had me giggling. Karal was escorted to Valdmar’s capital by the companion Rubrik, whose daughter Natolie becomes Karal’s love interest. Natolie is an engineer, who deals with the rules of logic… one might say she deals with rubric.
            Post-finally, Natolie is described as plain. Elspeth, ex-heir to the Crown of Valdemar, the lead in the Mage Winds omnibus, is also described as plain. I need to investigate to see if all the lead females are described as ‘plain’.


Storm Rising

Tremaine, heir to the Imperial Throne and ceasing the invasion of Hardorn (Valdemar and Karse’s neighbour), becomes centre stage and you see him develop into an effective leader who protects him men but also the people of Hardorn. Whilst he was behind Ulrich’s assassination, I grew to like Tremaine.
            Karal became the Ambassador of Karse in Ulrich’s absence. He writes often to Solaris (Son of the Sun) to relieve him of the duty because no one respects Karal (he’s too young for the others to take seriously). Karal also continues doing his work as secretary, but Solaris knew he was struggling, so even if Solaris wouldn’t send another ambassador, she should have sent a secretary. But this seemed more a fault on the part of the author, not Solaris.
            Another important observation this book makes is that people squeeze gods into people’s narrow worldviews, and that people put words into the mouths of gods. It’s always important to keep in mind that a leader of a religion, who makes new doctrine, will often insert their personal views to make people believe what they do. This means all faulty doctrine (such as violence) comes from people, not religion.
            An’desha says that the Moonpaths (kinda like a realm for divine communication, I guess) are only for shamans, Swordsworn and Goddesssworn, so he might not be able to get on them. Yet in the Mage Winds, shamans can access the Moonpaths anytime, Swordsworn any night, and any Shin’a’in during the full moon. Plus An’desha in Storm Rising says a few pages later that any Shin’a’in is allowed! How the editors didn’t pick up on this inconsistency is beyond me.
One thing I adored was Tremaine’s desk with a hidden compartment, an inheritance from his aunt, a devotee of the Little God of Lust. This aunt is only mentioned over two/three pages, but I love her! Anyway, Tremaine keeps a copy of the Imperial Seal (VERY illegal) that he made himself in his desk. At first, this doesn’t seem to fit his personality. However, the Empire is full of intrigue, so the fact that Tremaine was first-choice heir necessarily mean that Tremaine had a scheming mind frame and ambition to improve his standing and power. Having a copy of the Imperial Seal does that job nicely.


Storm Breaking

Melles, the new imperial heir, is more diabolical than Tremaine but I adore him even more. At one point, someone (I’ll call them ‘the Employer’) sent an assassin to kill Melles. Easily, Melles kills the assassin, then dumps its dead body into the crib of the Employer’s baby and then gives the baby the broken blade of the assassin to play with. This was genious.
            Firesong (another Hawkbrother) says to Need (a magical sword with the spirit of a priestess inside) that she’d never put herself in non-female hands before. Yet in the Mage Winds, which I red after the Mage Storms but was released and was set before the Mage Storms, Firesong uses Need at Need’s bidding.
            The magical border to Iftel lifts and some griffins come to Tremaine to off their help. This border must have protected Iftel from the Storms because the Iftel griffins suffer badly with the Storm’s effects, saying they couldn’t stand the storm. We learn the border was moved from Iftel to around Karse. As the barrier protects from Storms, and the barrier was around Karse, surely Karse would be protected from Storms? But no, Karse did need protecting. Why?!
            The 100 Little Gods is said to be a round number, not an exact number. In Hinduism, the common saying is that there are 33 million gods, which isn’t the case, but the high number is used to symbolise that there are A LOT. So the 100 Little Gods mirrors this and that makes me happy.
            Griffins are known to pronounce S and R really long (‘sss’ and ‘rrr’). The first instance when an Iftel griffin speaks, he does this. But whenever S and R are used again by him, he doesn’t prolong the sounds. Why is there a lack of consistency here? One could say the griffin switched languages, but the fact that other griffins who use every other language prolong S and R in whatever language they speak.
Further, by ordinary griffins, when a word is used in any language with S or R (let’s use ‘speak’ as an example), it is still pronounced with the prolonging (‘sssame’). But different languages would have different sounds for the word ‘same’, so it’s not feasible that it would have a long S in every language! But that’s my linguistics bias for you.
Tremaine was magically connected to the Earth of Hardorne, being an ancient tradition used to keep the king faithful to his land. The Alliance (Valdemar, Karse, Hawkbrothers, Shin'a'in, Kaled'a'in, Rethwellen, Hardorne and Iftel) liked this because it meant Tremaine's ambition to conquer lands for the empire are now finally finished.
Another thing that confused me was that Solaris tells Elspeth to use Solaris’ name, not the title ‘Son the Sun’ because Elspeth ‘deserved it’ and Solaris calls Elspeth ‘sister’. Before this point, the two haven’t been shown to interact and neither have other characters remarked on the Elspeth-Solaris relationship. So I’m confused with what has happened to justify this bond.
The ending to this series was amazing. The characters that interact do so very well (even in death) and the entire thing was crafted really well. I will be honest and say this was the most satisfying end to a series that I have ever read. I wasn’t disappointed. I wasn’t bored (how writers usually end a series is so same-same and that bores me SO much). It was, frankly, perfect.




Reviews: Mage Winds Omnibus (Mercedes Lackey)


Winds of Fate (Book One)

Winds of Change (Book Two)

Winds of Fury (Book Three)