Friday, 16 August 2019

Critique: Life of Pi (Yann Martel) 1/2


***SPOILERS***

Pi is a son of a zookeeper that travels to Canada with their zoo animals. The Japanese ship they travel on sinks and Pi is the only survivor, floating along the ocean for seven months and several weeks. Along the way he is accompanied by Richard Parker, a Bengal tiger. The fact the Pi ended up on the water is appropriate, considering ‘Pi’ is short for ‘Piscine’. 


Religion

I quite often hear people complain about Pi following three religions (Hinduism, Islam and Christianity). As I’ve pointed out before, this is quite common across Asia so the criticism of ‘you cannot follow more than one religion’ isn’t valid.
            Of course, this is not a universal trait. Indeed, this is seen in the book when the pandit, imam and priest argue over Pi’s multiple religions. Pi points out that ‘Papa Gandhi’ believed all religions are true, leading the three religious guides to make peace. Reconciliation is great and all but after such a lengthy and passionate debate, I doubt that they would have made up so quickly. Whilst my first instinct is to declare that bad writing, Pi wouldn’t be the first one to idealise his past and especially so considering the trauma he’d suffered.
            After the ‘Papa Gandhi’, Pi’s dad wondered if ‘Uncle Jesus’ was next. This made me giggle quite a lot. His father also had an issue with Pi being Muslim in particular. But then Pi’s mum points out that if it’s not doing anyone any harm then it’s alright. Which is my view on all things in life. So I like Pi’s mum.


A moment that caught my eye is when Pi tells a story from Matthew and Mark.
            Jesus cursed a fig tree for not producing fruit. Pi comments that the tree is innocent because the tree’s not to blame that it’s not fig season. This perfectly encapsulates Indian mind sets that recognise all life important, worthy and sacred.
(I just have to wonder why Jesus didn’t use his powers to make the fig tree bloom out of season? Surely that would have been a better way to utilise his gifts? Maybe it was to show that Jesus suffered irritability, low inhibitions and bad decisions, just like any other human?)


A different moment caught me off guard, when Pi explains his problem with agnostics. He applauds the use of doubt but only briefly. He continues: ‘To choose doubt as a philosophy of life is akin to choosing immobility as a means of transport.’
Um, no.
A philosophy of life is the principles that inform one’s life and actions. Being agnostic doesn’t mean that you are doubtful about everything. An agnostic still has views and values on how they think people should behave. Religion isn’t the only source of morality. Indeed, religions all over the world have a habit of teaching overlapping pieces of morality, showing that everyone can believe in the same values, no matter their point of origin or upbringing.


Animals

It’s not that much of a surprise that animals feature heavily in this novel, both in academic discussions and beautiful descriptors. Indeed, he remembers Richard Parker in stunning detail, almost glorifying his good qualities.
            Pi recounts when his father wanted him and his brother Ravi to understand how dangerous wild animals can be. Their father chooses Richard Parker (the tiger) and the demonstration left both of them with mental scars. In the present, Pi wonders how he got past that and recalls that ‘[l]ife goes on and you don’t touch tigers.’ That gave me a good chuckle.
            Quite often, Pi’s animal anecdotes made me laugh. The orang-utan arriving at the lifeboat on a raft of bananas was my particular favourite (I found it delightful). Closely followed, I add, by the hyena and orang-utan roaring at each other (I don’t think any hyena species can roar but I could be wrong). Both are bizarre but novel ideas, catching me off guard when I first read the book.
            Aside from the fact that hyenas can’t roar, Pi’s memories of the hyena were off-kilter. It took some days for Pi to even realise the hyena was on the lifeboat, a lifeboat with few places to hide. This seems improbable. Pi’s aware of this, too, because he comes up with an elaborate explanation of how the hyena there. This account was even more improbable so I think he was just trying to make sense of an unexplainable event. Considering there wasn’t much for Pi to do on his journey, it’s no surprise that he made stories his pastime.
            The hyena kept on causing issues. Pi presents a case to the readers that hyenas have a bad reputation. Yet the most gory and graphically detailed event in the novel is about the hyena eating the still-living zebra from the inside out. This only serves to reaffirm the reputation he rejects. It didn’t help that Pi had just given a poetic description of a fish, making the hyena seem all the worse. At least the hyena was described as having eyes that were ‘mouselike’ (something I quite like).


Zoo animals aside, the audience also gets to see Pi’s interactions with the wild animals. Some are gruesome, some are lovely, and some were simply ingenious. My favourite thing about this novel is Pi describing whales spouting as ‘a short-lived archipelago of volcanic islands.’
As mentioned earlier, Pi finds all life sacred but considering plants and fungi aren’t a convenient diet out of the open ocean, Pi concedes that he’ll have to eat meat. The very first animal he kills is a fish and he feels guilty of murder. Pi thought quickly hammering the fish’s head was too much so he decided to snap its neck instead. I would have thought feeling an animal struggle in your hands as you use your own body to kill it would have been too much but each to their own.
Pi only saw six birds on his seven month sea journey which does seem highly improbable. I will, however, point out that I loved and had no quarrel with the flesh-eating islands populated with fish-eating meerkats. Although that only contained a suspension of disbelief to allow it to be part of that world when it is already part of this world that seabirds fly all over the oceans and one would see more than six over seven months. So the same reason I accept the meerkats is the same reason I don’t accept the limited sea birds.


Now my praise for the animal sections is out the way, I return to the zoo animals because something Pi said left me gobsmacked. Apparently, as long as animals are given everything they require (food, water and shelter), they behave exactly the same in activity as they would in the wild.
            No.
            Firstly, the animals’ territories are much smaller in zoos that they are in the wild. Secondly, the animals’ food is readily provided for them (when those in the wild would have less food per sitting and wouldn’t eat each day). Thirdly, the animals don’t have to worry about competition or predation as they otherwise would be.
This means the animal spends less time patrolling, less time looking for food, and less time being on the lookout: hence they sleep. A lot. This mixed with little exercise but receiving more food than their wild counterparts is why zoo animals weigh more. The very nature of a wild animal being contained in a zoo inherently means the animals behave differently.
Fourthly (and this being the kicker), there has been heavy documentation of zoo animals having clear behavioural issues for decades, among which ‘Life of Pi’ was set. Pi recounts his faulty opinion not as him the sixteen year-old but as him the adult. As him, the person with a zoology degree. So Pi really should know better. Sure, the author may not be an expert on zoology but I find it hard to believe that even with limited research the author didn’t find the truth.




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